Предлагаю такой скрипт, который сможет дать чуть более удобную информацию о том, какой процесс съедает память
ps —eo size,pid,user,command | awk ‘{ hr=$1/1024 ; printf(«%13.6f Mb «,hr) } { for ( x=4 ; x<=NF ; x++ ) { printf(«%s «,$x) } print «» }’ | sort
Еще один скрипт
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#!/usr/bin/env python # Try to determine how much RAM is currently being used per program. # Note per _program_, not per process. So for example this script # will report RAM used by all httpd process together. In detail it reports: # sum(private RAM for program processes) + sum(Shared RAM for program processes) # The shared RAM is problematic to calculate, and this script automatically # selects the most accurate method available for your kernel. # Licence: LGPLv2 # Author: P@draigBrady.com # Source: http://www.pixelbeat.org/scripts/ps_mem.py # V1.0 06 Jul 2005 Initial release # V1.1 11 Aug 2006 root permission required for accuracy # V1.2 08 Nov 2006 Add total to output # Use KiB,MiB,... for units rather than K,M,... # V1.3 22 Nov 2006 Ignore shared col from /proc/$pid/statm for # 2.6 kernels up to and including 2.6.9. # There it represented the total file backed extent # V1.4 23 Nov 2006 Remove total from output as it's meaningless # (the shared values overlap with other programs). # Display the shared column. This extra info is # useful, especially as it overlaps between programs. # V1.5 26 Mar 2007 Remove redundant recursion from human() # V1.6 05 Jun 2007 Also report number of processes with a given name. # Patch from riccardo.murri@gmail.com # V1.7 20 Sep 2007 Use PSS from /proc/$pid/smaps if available, which # fixes some over-estimation and allows totalling. # Enumerate the PIDs directly rather than using ps, # which fixes the possible race between reading # RSS with ps, and shared memory with this program. # Also we can show non truncated command names. # V1.8 28 Sep 2007 More accurate matching for stats in /proc/$pid/smaps # as otherwise could match libraries causing a crash. # Patch from patrice.bouchand.fedora@gmail.com # V1.9 20 Feb 2008 Fix invalid values reported when PSS is available. # Reported by Andrey Borzenkov <arvidjaar@mail.ru> # V3.11 17 Sep 2017 # http://github.com/pixelb/scripts/commits/master/scripts/ps_mem.py # Notes: # # All interpreted programs where the interpreter is started # by the shell or with env, will be merged to the interpreter # (as that's what's given to exec). For e.g. all python programs # starting with "#!/usr/bin/env python" will be grouped under python. # You can change this by using the full command line but that will # have the undesirable affect of splitting up programs started with # differing parameters (for e.g. mingetty tty[1-6]). # # For 2.6 kernels up to and including 2.6.13 and later 2.4 redhat kernels # (rmap vm without smaps) it can not be accurately determined how many pages # are shared between processes in general or within a program in our case: # http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/7/6/250 # A warning is printed if overestimation is possible. # In addition for 2.6 kernels up to 2.6.9 inclusive, the shared # value in /proc/$pid/statm is the total file-backed extent of a process. # We ignore that, introducing more overestimation, again printing a warning. # Since kernel 2.6.23-rc8-mm1 PSS is available in smaps, which allows # us to calculate a more accurate value for the total RAM used by programs. # # Programs that use CLONE_VM without CLONE_THREAD are discounted by assuming # they're the only programs that have the same /proc/$PID/smaps file for # each instance. This will fail if there are multiple real instances of a # program that then use CLONE_VM without CLONE_THREAD, or if a clone changes # its memory map while we're checksumming each /proc/$PID/smaps. # # I don't take account of memory allocated for a program # by other programs. For e.g. memory used in the X server for # a program could be determined, but is not. # # FreeBSD is supported if linprocfs is mounted at /compat/linux/proc/ # FreeBSD 8.0 supports up to a level of Linux 2.6.16 import getopt import time import errno import os import sys # The following exits cleanly on Ctrl-C or EPIPE # while treating other exceptions as before. def std_exceptions(etype, value, tb): sys.excepthook = sys.__excepthook__ if issubclass(etype, KeyboardInterrupt): pass elif issubclass(etype, IOError) and value.errno == errno.EPIPE: pass else: sys.__excepthook__(etype, value, tb) sys.excepthook = std_exceptions # # Define some global variables # PAGESIZE = os.sysconf("SC_PAGE_SIZE") / 1024 #KiB our_pid = os.getpid() have_pss = 0 have_swap_pss = 0 class Proc: def __init__(self): uname = os.uname() if uname[0] == "FreeBSD": self.proc = '/compat/linux/proc' else: self.proc = '/proc' def path(self, *args): return os.path.join(self.proc, *(str(a) for a in args)) def open(self, *args): try: if sys.version_info < (3,): return open(self.path(*args)) else: return open(self.path(*args), errors='ignore') except (IOError, OSError): val = sys.exc_info()[1] if (val.errno == errno.ENOENT or # kernel thread or process gone val.errno == errno.EPERM or val.errno == errno.EACCES): raise LookupError raise proc = Proc() # # Functions # def parse_options(): try: long_options = [ 'split-args', 'help', 'total', 'discriminate-by-pid', 'swap' ] opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "shtdSp:w:", long_options) except getopt.GetoptError: sys.stderr.write(help()) sys.exit(3) if len(args): sys.stderr.write("Extraneous arguments: %s\n" % args) sys.exit(3) # ps_mem.py options split_args = False pids_to_show = None discriminate_by_pid = False show_swap = False watch = None only_total = False for o, a in opts: if o in ('-s', '--split-args'): split_args = True if o in ('-t', '--total'): only_total = True if o in ('-d', '--discriminate-by-pid'): discriminate_by_pid = True if o in ('-S', '--swap'): show_swap = True if o in ('-h', '--help'): sys.stdout.write(help()) sys.exit(0) if o in ('-p',): try: pids_to_show = [int(x) for x in a.split(',')] except: sys.stderr.write(help()) sys.exit(3) if o in ('-w',): try: watch = int(a) except: sys.stderr.write(help()) sys.exit(3) return ( split_args, pids_to_show, watch, only_total, discriminate_by_pid, show_swap ) def help(): help_msg = 'Usage: ps_mem [OPTION]...\n' \ 'Show program core memory usage\n' \ '\n' \ ' -h, -help Show this help\n' \ ' -p <pid>[,pid2,...pidN] Only show memory usage PIDs in the '\ 'specified list\n' \ ' -s, --split-args Show and separate by, all command line'\ ' arguments\n' \ ' -t, --total Show only the total value\n' \ ' -d, --discriminate-by-pid Show by process rather than by program\n' \ ' -S, --swap Show swap information\n' \ ' -w <N> Measure and show process memory every'\ ' N seconds\n' return help_msg # (major,minor,release) def kernel_ver(): kv = proc.open('sys/kernel/osrelease').readline().split(".")[:3] last = len(kv) if last == 2: kv.append('0') last -= 1 while last > 0: for char in "-_": kv[last] = kv[last].split(char)[0] try: int(kv[last]) except: kv[last] = 0 last -= 1 return (int(kv[0]), int(kv[1]), int(kv[2])) #return Private,Shared,Swap(Pss),unique_id #Note shared is always a subset of rss (trs is not always) def getMemStats(pid): global have_pss global have_swap_pss mem_id = pid #unique Private_lines = [] Shared_lines = [] Pss_lines = [] Rss = (int(proc.open(pid, 'statm').readline().split()[1]) * PAGESIZE) Swap_lines = [] Swap_pss_lines = [] Swap = 0 if os.path.exists(proc.path(pid, 'smaps')): # stat smaps = 'smaps' if os.path.exists(proc.path(pid, 'smaps_rollup')): smaps = 'smaps_rollup' # faster to process lines = proc.open(pid, smaps).readlines() # open # Note we checksum smaps as maps is usually but # not always different for separate processes. mem_id = hash(''.join(lines)) for line in lines: if line.startswith("Shared"): Shared_lines.append(line) elif line.startswith("Private"): Private_lines.append(line) elif line.startswith("Pss"): have_pss = 1 Pss_lines.append(line) elif line.startswith("Swap:"): Swap_lines.append(line) elif line.startswith("SwapPss:"): have_swap_pss = 1 Swap_pss_lines.append(line) Shared = sum([int(line.split()[1]) for line in Shared_lines]) Private = sum([int(line.split()[1]) for line in Private_lines]) #Note Shared + Private = Rss above #The Rss in smaps includes video card mem etc. if have_pss: pss_adjust = 0.5 # add 0.5KiB as this avg error due to truncation Pss = sum([float(line.split()[1])+pss_adjust for line in Pss_lines]) Shared = Pss - Private if have_swap_pss: # The kernel supports SwapPss, that shows proportional swap share. # Note that Swap - SwapPss is not Private Swap. Swap = sum([int(line.split()[1]) for line in Swap_pss_lines]) else: # Note that Swap = Private swap + Shared swap. Swap = sum([int(line.split()[1]) for line in Swap_lines]) elif (2,6,1) <= kernel_ver() <= (2,6,9): Shared = 0 #lots of overestimation, but what can we do? Private = Rss else: Shared = int(proc.open(pid, 'statm').readline().split()[2]) Shared *= PAGESIZE Private = Rss - Shared return (Private, Shared, Swap, mem_id) def getCmdName(pid, split_args, discriminate_by_pid): cmdline = proc.open(pid, 'cmdline').read().split("\0") if cmdline[-1] == '' and len(cmdline) > 1: cmdline = cmdline[:-1] path = proc.path(pid, 'exe') try: path = os.readlink(path) # Some symlink targets were seen to contain NULs on RHEL 5 at least # https://github.com/pixelb/scripts/pull/10, so take string up to NUL path = path.split('\0')[0] except OSError: val = sys.exc_info()[1] if (val.errno == errno.ENOENT or # either kernel thread or process gone val.errno == errno.EPERM or val.errno == errno.EACCES): raise LookupError raise if split_args: return ' '.join(cmdline).replace('\n', ' ') if path.endswith(" (deleted)"): path = path[:-10] if os.path.exists(path): path += " [updated]" else: #The path could be have prelink stuff so try cmdline #which might have the full path present. This helped for: #/usr/libexec/notification-area-applet.#prelink#.fX7LCT (deleted) if os.path.exists(cmdline[0]): path = cmdline[0] + " [updated]" else: path += " [deleted]" exe = os.path.basename(path) cmd = proc.open(pid, 'status').readline()[6:-1] if exe.startswith(cmd): cmd = exe #show non truncated version #Note because we show the non truncated name #one can have separated programs as follows: #584.0 KiB + 1.0 MiB = 1.6 MiB mozilla-thunder (exe -> bash) # 56.0 MiB + 22.2 MiB = 78.2 MiB mozilla-thunderbird-bin if sys.version_info >= (3,): cmd = cmd.encode(errors='replace').decode() if discriminate_by_pid: cmd = '%s [%d]' % (cmd, pid) return cmd #The following matches "du -h" output #see also human.py def human(num, power="Ki", units=None): if units is None: powers = ["Ki", "Mi", "Gi", "Ti"] while num >= 1000: #4 digits num /= 1024.0 power = powers[powers.index(power)+1] return "%.1f %sB" % (num, power) else: return "%.f" % ((num * 1024) / units) def cmd_with_count(cmd, count): if count > 1: return "%s (%u)" % (cmd, count) else: return cmd #Warn of possible inaccuracies #RAM: #2 = accurate & can total #1 = accurate only considering each process in isolation #0 = some shared mem not reported #-1= all shared mem not reported #SWAP: #2 = accurate & can total #1 = accurate only considering each process in isolation #-1= not available def val_accuracy(show_swap): """http://wiki.apache.org/spamassassin/TopSharedMemoryBug""" kv = kernel_ver() pid = os.getpid() swap_accuracy = -1 if kv[:2] == (2,4): if proc.open('meminfo').read().find("Inact_") == -1: return 1, swap_accuracy return 0, swap_accuracy elif kv[:2] == (2,6): if os.path.exists(proc.path(pid, 'smaps')): swap_accuracy = 1 if proc.open(pid, 'smaps').read().find("Pss:")!=-1: return 2, swap_accuracy else: return 1, swap_accuracy if (2,6,1) <= kv <= (2,6,9): return -1, swap_accuracy return 0, swap_accuracy elif kv[0] > 2 and os.path.exists(proc.path(pid, 'smaps')): if show_swap and proc.open(pid, 'smaps').read().find("SwapPss:")!=-1: swap_accuracy = 2 return 2, swap_accuracy else: return 1, swap_accuracy def show_val_accuracy( ram_inacc, swap_inacc, only_total, show_swap ): level = ("Warning","Error")[only_total] # Only show significant warnings if only_total: if show_swap: ram_inacc = 2 else: swap_inacc = 2 if ram_inacc == -1: sys.stderr.write( "%s: Shared memory is not reported by this system.\n" % level ) sys.stderr.write( "Values reported will be too large, and totals are not reported\n" ) elif ram_inacc == 0: sys.stderr.write( "%s: Shared memory is not reported accurately by this system.\n" % level ) sys.stderr.write( "Values reported could be too large, and totals are not reported\n" ) elif ram_inacc == 1: sys.stderr.write( "%s: Shared memory is slightly over-estimated by this system\n" "for each program, so totals are not reported.\n" % level ) if swap_inacc == -1: sys.stderr.write( "%s: Swap is not reported by this system.\n" % level ) elif swap_inacc == 1: sys.stderr.write( "%s: Swap is over-estimated by this system for each program,\n" "so totals are not reported.\n" % level ) sys.stderr.close() if only_total: accuracy = swap_inacc if show_swap else ram_inacc if accuracy != 2: sys.exit(1) def get_memory_usage(pids_to_show, split_args, discriminate_by_pid, include_self=False, only_self=False): cmds = {} shareds = {} mem_ids = {} count = {} swaps = {} for pid in os.listdir(proc.path('')): if not pid.isdigit(): continue pid = int(pid) # Some filters if only_self and pid != our_pid: continue if pid == our_pid and not include_self: continue if pids_to_show is not None and pid not in pids_to_show: continue try: cmd = getCmdName(pid, split_args, discriminate_by_pid) except LookupError: #operation not permitted #kernel threads don't have exe links or #process gone continue try: private, shared, swap, mem_id = getMemStats(pid) except RuntimeError: continue #process gone if shareds.get(cmd): if have_pss: #add shared portion of PSS together shareds[cmd] += shared elif shareds[cmd] < shared: #just take largest shared val shareds[cmd] = shared else: shareds[cmd] = shared cmds[cmd] = cmds.setdefault(cmd, 0) + private if cmd in count: count[cmd] += 1 else: count[cmd] = 1 mem_ids.setdefault(cmd, {}).update({mem_id: None}) # Swap (overcounting for now...) swaps[cmd] = swaps.setdefault(cmd, 0) + swap # Total swaped mem for each program total_swap = 0 # Add shared mem for each program total = 0 for cmd in cmds: cmd_count = count[cmd] if len(mem_ids[cmd]) == 1 and cmd_count > 1: # Assume this program is using CLONE_VM without CLONE_THREAD # so only account for one of the processes cmds[cmd] /= cmd_count if have_pss: shareds[cmd] /= cmd_count cmds[cmd] = cmds[cmd] + shareds[cmd] total += cmds[cmd] # valid if PSS available total_swap += swaps[cmd] sorted_cmds = sorted(cmds.items(), key=lambda x:x[1]) sorted_cmds = [x for x in sorted_cmds if x[1]] return sorted_cmds, shareds, count, total, swaps, total_swap def print_header(show_swap, discriminate_by_pid): output_string = " Private + Shared = RAM used" if show_swap: output_string += " Swap used" output_string += "\tProgram" if discriminate_by_pid: output_string += "[pid]" output_string += "\n\n" sys.stdout.write(output_string) def print_memory_usage(sorted_cmds, shareds, count, total, swaps, total_swap, show_swap): for cmd in sorted_cmds: output_string = "%9s + %9s = %9s" output_data = (human(cmd[1]-shareds[cmd[0]]), human(shareds[cmd[0]]), human(cmd[1])) if show_swap: output_string += " %9s" output_data += (human(swaps[cmd[0]]),) output_string += "\t%s\n" output_data += (cmd_with_count(cmd[0], count[cmd[0]]),) sys.stdout.write(output_string % output_data) # Only show totals if appropriate if have_swap_pss and show_swap: # kernel will have_pss sys.stdout.write("%s\n%s%9s%s%9s\n%s\n" % ("-" * 45, " " * 24, human(total), " " * 3, human(total_swap), "=" * 45)) elif have_pss: sys.stdout.write("%s\n%s%9s\n%s\n" % ("-" * 33, " " * 24, human(total), "=" * 33)) def verify_environment(pids_to_show): if os.geteuid() != 0 and not pids_to_show: sys.stderr.write("Sorry, root permission required, or specify pids with -p\n") sys.stderr.close() sys.exit(1) try: kernel_ver() except (IOError, OSError): val = sys.exc_info()[1] if val.errno == errno.ENOENT: sys.stderr.write( "Couldn't access " + proc.path('') + "\n" "Only GNU/Linux and FreeBSD (with linprocfs) are supported\n") sys.exit(2) else: raise def main(): split_args, pids_to_show, watch, only_total, discriminate_by_pid, \ show_swap = parse_options() verify_environment(pids_to_show) if not only_total: print_header(show_swap, discriminate_by_pid) if watch is not None: try: sorted_cmds = True while sorted_cmds: sorted_cmds, shareds, count, total, swaps, total_swap = \ get_memory_usage(pids_to_show, split_args, discriminate_by_pid) if only_total and show_swap and have_swap_pss: sys.stdout.write(human(total_swap, units=1)+'\n') elif only_total and not show_swap and have_pss: sys.stdout.write(human(total, units=1)+'\n') elif not only_total: print_memory_usage(sorted_cmds, shareds, count, total, swaps, total_swap, show_swap) sys.stdout.flush() time.sleep(watch) else: sys.stdout.write('Process does not exist anymore.\n') except KeyboardInterrupt: pass else: # This is the default behavior sorted_cmds, shareds, count, total, swaps, total_swap = \ get_memory_usage(pids_to_show, split_args, discriminate_by_pid) if only_total and show_swap and have_swap_pss: sys.stdout.write(human(total_swap, units=1)+'\n') elif only_total and not show_swap and have_pss: sys.stdout.write(human(total, units=1)+'\n') elif not only_total: print_memory_usage(sorted_cmds, shareds, count, total, swaps, total_swap, show_swap) # We must close explicitly, so that any EPIPE exception # is handled by our excepthook, rather than the default # one which is reenabled after this script finishes. sys.stdout.close() ram_accuracy, swap_accuracy = val_accuracy( show_swap ) show_val_accuracy( ram_accuracy, swap_accuracy, only_total, show_swap ) if __name__ == '__main__': main() |
Вывод
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[root@mail:/home/kost]# python ps_mem.py Private + Shared = RAM used Program 4.0 KiB + 15.5 KiB = 19.5 KiB clamsmtpd 24.0 KiB + 51.0 KiB = 75.0 KiB mingetty (6) 4.0 KiB + 98.0 KiB = 102.0 KiB mysqld_safe 136.0 KiB + 27.0 KiB = 163.0 KiB crond 164.0 KiB + 28.5 KiB = 192.5 KiB auditd 212.0 KiB + 31.0 KiB = 243.0 KiB init 252.0 KiB + 27.0 KiB = 279.0 KiB dovecot 268.0 KiB + 83.5 KiB = 351.5 KiB master 364.0 KiB + 9.5 KiB = 373.5 KiB mdadm 332.0 KiB + 45.0 KiB = 377.0 KiB ntpd 204.0 KiB + 199.5 KiB = 403.5 KiB udevd (3) 380.0 KiB + 84.0 KiB = 464.0 KiB tlsmgr 460.0 KiB + 18.0 KiB = 478.0 KiB log 380.0 KiB + 102.0 KiB = 482.0 KiB su 684.0 KiB + 87.0 KiB = 771.0 KiB qmgr 676.0 KiB + 131.5 KiB = 807.5 KiB sudo 760.0 KiB + 65.0 KiB = 825.0 KiB monit 996.0 KiB + 23.0 KiB = 1.0 MiB config 980.0 KiB + 101.0 KiB = 1.1 MiB anvil (2) 1.1 MiB + 92.0 KiB = 1.2 MiB pop3-login 1.1 MiB + 84.0 KiB = 1.2 MiB pickup 1.2 MiB + 134.5 KiB = 1.3 MiB miniserv.pl 940.0 KiB + 594.0 KiB = 1.5 MiB bash (2) 1.7 MiB + 91.0 KiB = 1.8 MiB verify 1.8 MiB + 141.0 KiB = 2.0 MiB spamc (3) 1.9 MiB + 391.0 KiB = 2.3 MiB bounce (2) 888.0 KiB + 1.4 MiB = 2.3 MiB sshd (3) 2.1 MiB + 372.0 KiB = 2.5 MiB trivial-rewrite (2) 2.9 MiB + 40.0 KiB = 2.9 MiB rsyslogd 3.1 MiB + 180.0 KiB = 3.3 MiB pop3 (3) 4.4 MiB + 453.0 KiB = 4.8 MiB proxymap (3) 7.8 MiB + 92.0 KiB = 7.9 MiB imap-login 10.3 MiB + 51.5 KiB = 10.4 MiB policyd 16.9 MiB + 1.8 MiB = 18.7 MiB smtp (17) 19.1 MiB + 1.8 MiB = 20.9 MiB dict (19) 20.7 MiB + 558.0 KiB = 21.3 MiB auth (3) 23.7 MiB + 2.3 MiB = 25.9 MiB spawn (26) 24.5 MiB + 2.4 MiB = 26.9 MiB pipe (26) 30.8 MiB + 2.2 MiB = 33.0 MiB cleanup (22) 56.9 MiB + 160.0 KiB = 57.1 MiB opendkim 64.3 MiB + 95.0 KiB = 64.4 MiB named 109.6 MiB + 130.5 KiB = 109.7 MiB fail2ban-server 130.6 MiB + 2.4 MiB = 133.0 MiB python (24) 207.8 MiB + 3.9 MiB = 211.8 MiB smtpd (34) 325.8 MiB + 15.2 MiB = 340.9 MiB imap (290) 486.2 MiB + 312.0 KiB = 486.5 MiB mysqld 515.0 MiB + 65.5 KiB = 515.0 MiB clamd 684.0 MiB + 105.2 MiB = 789.2 MiB spamd (17) 822.2 MiB + 23.8 MiB = 846.0 MiB httpd (66) --------------------------------- 3.7 GiB ================================= Warning: Swap is over-estimated by this system for each program, so totals are not reported. |
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wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pixelb/ps_mem/master/ps_mem.py sudo python ps_mem.py |
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